The world mourned a year of death and conflict this week as Friday, Feb. 24, marked the first anniversary of Vladimir Putin’s order for his aggressive Russian forces to invade Ukraine.
In the span of a year, thousands have been killed and millions fled their homes – many destroyed by relentless rocket attacks.
Kiev, the capital of Ukraine, saw some of the most devastating damage in the country.
MailOnline looks at before-and-after images showing how the city has restored and repaired its buildings and infrastructure.
Left: A man pushes his bicycle through rubble and destroyed Russian military vehicles on Vokzal’na Street on April 6, 2022 in Bucha, near Kiev. Right: Cars driving on the same street on February 1, 2023, one of the most affected streets during the Russian occupation
Left: A man stands among the rubble in front of a residential apartment complex that was badly damaged by a Russian attack on March 18, 2022 in Kiev. Right: A man walks past the same building on February 11, 2023
Left: An apartment building in Kiev that was damaged by a Russian missile on March 17, 2022. Right: The same apartment building on February 10, 2023
Left: Destroyed houses on Vokzalna Street in the town of Bucha after it was recaptured by the Ukrainian army on April 2, 2022. Right: Vokzalna Street with newly built houses on February 11, 2023
Left: Destroyed houses on Vokzalna Street in the town of Bucha, near Kiev, after it was recaptured by the Ukrainian army on April 2, 2022. Right: the same street on February 11, 2023
Left: Vokzalna Street in Bucha filled with wrecked Russian military machines after it was recaptured by the Ukrainian army on April 2, 2022. Right: Vokzalna Street with normal vehicle and human traffic later on February 11, 2023
Left: A woman sits in a tent as people shelter in Dorohozhychi metro station, Kyiv, which was used as a bomb shelter on March 2, 2022. Right: people walking in the same station on February 9, 2023
Left: Retroville shopping center in Kiev destroyed by Russian missiles on March 23, 2022. Right: Same spot on February 10, 2023
Left: An apartment building in Kiev that was hit by shelling on February 26, 2022. Right: The same building after renovations on February 11, 2023
Left: Sichovyh Striltsiv Street in Kiev covered in rubble after the area was hit by a Russian missile on March 18, 2022. Right: Sichovyh Striltsiv Street on February 10, 2023
Left: A building damaged by Russian army shelling on April 29, 2022 in Kiev. Right: The same building undergoing repairs on February 11, 2023
Left: Destroyed cars and houses on Yablunska Street in the city of Bucha after it was recaptured by the Ukrainian army on April 2, 2022. Right: Yablunska Street on February 11, 2023
Left: Ukrainian soldiers are seen at the building that was shot at near metro station Lukyanivska, Kiev, on March 15, 2022. Right: People walking near the station on February 9, 2023
Left: The bodies of what Ukrainian troops identified as two Russian soldiers, who were killed five days earlier during fighting on a railway in a frontline position on March 3, 2022 in Irpin. Right: Metal anti-tank barriers known as ‘hedgehogs’ line the same track on February 7, 2023
Left: A building damaged by Russian army shelling on April 29, 2022 in Kiev. Right: The same building after repairs later on February 11, 2023
Left: A house on Vokzalna Street in Bucha with destroyed Russian military machines left nearby after being recaptured by the Ukrainian army on April 2, 2022. Right: The same house with renovation material in front of it later on February 11, 2023
Left: Ukrainians clear the rubble of a building in Kiev that was shelled by the Russian army on March 14, 2022. Right: The same building after repairs later on February 12, 2023
Left: Police officers and forensic personnel catalog fifty-eight bodies of civilians killed in and around Bucha before being transported to the morgue at a cemetery on April 6, 2022. Right: the same cemetery on February 18, 2023
Left: A destroyed bridge over the Irpin River in the village of Stoyanka after it was recaptured by the Ukrainian army on April 6, 2022. Right: The same bridge during reconstruction on February 11, 2023
Left: Residential buildings, where Russian soldiers were stationed, in the town of Bucha after it was recaptured by the Ukrainian army on April 2, 2022. Right: The same street on February 11, 2023
Left: Sichovyh Striltsiv Street in Kiev covered in rubble after the area was hit by a Russian missile on March 18, 2022. Right: Same street later on February 10, 2023
Left: Ukrainian soldiers guard the checkpoint on Independence Square in Kiev on March 4, 2022. Right: People walking on the square on February 2, 2023
Left: People look at the damage to a residential apartment building that was hit by a missile in Kiev on February 26, 2022. Right: People walk past the same building on February 11, 2023
Left: A makeshift barricade in the Podil neighborhood on February 28, 2022 in Kiev. Right: A man crosses the same road on February 11, 2023
Left: People walk amid destruction as they evacuate from a disputed frontline area between Bucha and Irpin on March 10, 2022. Right: Same street in Irpin on February 7, 2023
Left: Irpin residents flee heavy fighting over a destroyed bridge when Russian troops entered the city on March 7, 2022. Right: The same bridge on February 7, 2023
Left: The ‘Friendship of Peoples’ monument pictured during its demolition on April 26, 2022 in Kiev. Right: An empty space where the statue once stood on February 11, 2023
Left: A badly damaged car on April 4, 2022 in Bucha. Right: A person walks next to a car parked on the same road on February 18, 2023
Left: The site of a rocket explosion where a shopping center used to be in Kiev on March 23, 2022. Right: Cars parked in the parking lot next to the mall on February 18, 2023
